HTML 布局-1.20HTML 基礎教程

閱讀 ?·? 發布日期 2019-07-06 07:13 ?·? admin

網站常常以多列顯示內容（就像雜志和報紙）。

London

London is the capital city of England. It is the most populous city in the United Kingdom, with a metropolitan area of over 13 million inhabitants.

Standing on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who named it Londinium.

使用 <div> 元素的 HTML 布局

注釋：<div> 元素常用作布局工具，因為能夠輕松地通過 CSS 對其進行定位。

這個例子使用了四個 <div> 元素來創建多列布局：

實例

<body>

<div id="header">
<h1>City Gallery</h1>
</div>

<div id="nav">
London<br>
Paris<br>
Tokyo<br>
</div>

<div id="section">
<h1>London</h1>
<p>
London is the capital city of England. It is the most populous city in the United Kingdom,
with a metropolitan area of over 13 million inhabitants.
</p>
<p>
Standing on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia,
its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who named it Londinium.
</p>
</div>

<div id="footer">
Copyright W3School.com.cn
</div>

</body>

CSS：

<style>
#header {
    background-color:black;
    color:white;
    text-align:center;
    padding:5px;
}
#nav {
    line-height:30px;
    background-color:#eeeeee;
    height:300px;
    width:100px;
    float:left;
    padding:5px; 
}
#section {
    width:350px;
    float:left;
    padding:10px; 
}
#footer {
    background-color:black;
    color:white;
    clear:both;
    text-align:center;
    padding:5px; 
}
</style>

使用 HTML5 的網站布局

HTML5 提供的新語義元素定義了網頁的不同部分：

HTML5 語義元素

header 定義文檔或節的頁眉
nav 定義導航鏈接的容器
section 定義文檔中的節
article 定義獨立的自包含文章
aside 定義內容之外的內容（比如側欄）
footer 定義文檔或節的頁腳
details 定義額外的細節
summary 定義 details 元素的標題

這個例子使用 <header>, <nav>, <section>, 以及 <footer> 來創建多列布局：

實例

<body>

<header>
<h1>City Gallery</h1>
</header>

<nav>
London<br>
Paris<br>
Tokyo<br>
</nav>

<section>
<h1>London</h1>
<p>
London is the capital city of England. It is the most populous city in the United Kingdom,
with a metropolitan area of over 13 million inhabitants.
</p>
<p>
Standing on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia,
its history going back to its founding by the Romans, who named it Londinium.
</p>
</section>

<footer>
Copyright W3School.com.cn
</footer>

</body>

CSS

<style>
header {
    background-color:black;
    color:white;
    text-align:center;
    padding:5px; 
}
nav {
    line-height:30px;
    background-color:#eeeeee;
    height:300px;
    width:100px;
    float:left;
    padding:5px; 
}
section {
    width:350px;
    float:left;
    padding:10px; 
}
footer {
    background-color:black;
    color:white;
    clear:both;
    text-align:center;
    padding:5px; 
}

使用表格的 HTML 布局

注釋：<table> 元素不是作為布局工具而設計的。

<table> 元素的作用是顯示表格化的數據。

使用 <table> 元素能夠取得布局效果，因為能夠通過 CSS 設置表格元素的樣式：

實例

<body>

<table class="lamp">
<tr>
  <th>
    <img src="/images/lamp.jpg" alt="Note" style="height:32px;width:32px">
  </th>
  <td>
    The table element was not designed to be a layout tool.
  </td>
</tr>
</table>

</body>

CSS

<style>
table.lamp {
    width:100%;
    border:1px solid #d4d4d4;
}
table.lamp th, td {
    padding:10px;
}
table.lamp td {
    width:40px;
}
</style>